Reference Country
Kenya Deep Dive
First deep reference case. Data from CTCN-SF6-KEN Final Report (December 2025). Inventory covers generation (KENGEN), transmission (KETRACO), and distribution (KPLC).
Total SF6 stock
20,045 kg
reported
Equipment count
998
910 CBs + 88 GIS
Annual emissions (IPCC Tier 1)
194 kg/yr
estimateduncertainty
CO2 equivalent
4,715 t CO2eq/yr
GWP: 24,300 (UBA)
SF6 stock by grid segment
Distribution of 20,045 kg across generation, transmission, and distribution.
29%
29%
40%
Generation CBs: 256 kg SF6 Transmission CBs: 5,850 kg SF6 Distribution CBs: 5,887 kg SF6 Distribution GIS: 8,052 kg SF6
| Segment | Equipment | Count | SF6 (kg) | Share |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Generation | CB | 89 | 256 | 1.3% |
| Transmission | CB | 60 | 5,850 | 29.2% |
| Distribution | CB | 761 | 5,887 | 29.4% |
| Distribution | GIS | 88 | 8,052 | 40.2% |
| Total | 998 | 20,045 | 100% |
Circuit breakers by voltage
910 CBs distributed across 6 voltage levels.
28%
33%
19%
13%
11 kV: 63 CBs 33 kV: 251 CBs 66 kV: 303 CBs 132 kV: 174 CBs 220 kV: 116 CBs 400 kV: 3 CBs
Annual emissions by source
IPCC Tier 1 factors. Total: 194 kg SF6/yr = 4,715 t CO2eq.
89%
Use (0.70%): 172 kg SF6/yr EOL (2%): 15 kg SF6/yr Installation (1%): 7 kg SF6/yr
Dashboard also shows 701.575 kg/yr (3.5% aggregate rate) as conservative upper bound.
IPCC Tier 1 gives 194 kg/yr. Both are displayed for transparency.
Transmission CBs detail
Source: CTCN-SF6-KEN Table 5-4
| Voltage | CBs | SF6 range (kg) | Avg charge (kg) | Total SF6 (kg) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 66 kV | 5 | 45 – 90 | 64 | 320 |
| 132 kV | 37 | 15 – 85 | 32 | 1,179 |
| 220 kV | 15 | 10 – 610 | 152 | 2,127 |
| 400 kV | 3 | 312 – 1,365 | 741 | 2,224 |
| Total | 60 | 5,850 |
Generation CBs detail
Source: CTCN-SF6-KEN Table 5-3
| Voltage | CBs | SF6 range (kg) | Avg charge (kg) | Total SF6 (kg) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 11 kV | 63 | 0.2 – 11 | 2 | 117 |
| 33 kV | 11 | 1 – 2.5 | 2 | 22 |
| 132 kV | 10 | 6 – 21 | 8 | 79 |
| 220 kV | 5 | 18 – 21 | 19 | 38 |
| Total | 89 | 256 |
Kenya baseline and leakage
Reported inventory and modeled leakage.
Kenya 2025
Installed stock: 20045 kg | Leakage: 701.575 kg/year
Reported inventory: 910 CBs (11,993 kg) + 88 GIS (8,052 kg) = 20,045 kg total. IPCC Tier 1 leakage: 194 kg/year (use 0.70% + EOL 2% + install 1%). Dashboard displays 3.5% aggregate rate (701.575 kg) as conservative upper bound. | Source: CTCN-SF6-KEN Final Report Dec 2025. IPCC annual emissions = 194 kg; dashboard leakage = 701.575 kg (3.5% rate). Both shown for transparency.
Emissions estimates
IPCC Tier 1 with uncertainty range.
ctcn_inventory 2035
Reported grid: - t | Estimated grid: 4714.2 t | Uncertainty: 3347.082-6741.306 t
IPCC Tier 1: Use 0.70% + EOL 2% + Installation 1%. Applied to equipment-level SF6 charge. BAU assumes constant stock. Source: CTCN-SF6-KEN Final Report Dec 2025
ctcn_inventory 2034
Reported grid: - t | Estimated grid: 4714.2 t | Uncertainty: 3347.082-6741.306 t
IPCC Tier 1: Use 0.70% + EOL 2% + Installation 1%. Applied to equipment-level SF6 charge. BAU assumes constant stock. Source: CTCN-SF6-KEN Final Report Dec 2025
ctcn_inventory 2033
Reported grid: - t | Estimated grid: 4714.2 t | Uncertainty: 3347.082-6741.306 t
IPCC Tier 1: Use 0.70% + EOL 2% + Installation 1%. Applied to equipment-level SF6 charge. BAU assumes constant stock. Source: CTCN-SF6-KEN Final Report Dec 2025
ctcn_inventory 2032
Reported grid: - t | Estimated grid: 4714.2 t | Uncertainty: 3347.082-6741.306 t
IPCC Tier 1: Use 0.70% + EOL 2% + Installation 1%. Applied to equipment-level SF6 charge. BAU assumes constant stock. Source: CTCN-SF6-KEN Final Report Dec 2025
ctcn_inventory 2031
Reported grid: - t | Estimated grid: 4714.2 t | Uncertainty: 3347.082-6741.306 t
IPCC Tier 1: Use 0.70% + EOL 2% + Installation 1%. Applied to equipment-level SF6 charge. BAU assumes constant stock. Source: CTCN-SF6-KEN Final Report Dec 2025
ctcn_inventory 2030
Reported grid: - t | Estimated grid: 4714.2 t | Uncertainty: 3347.082-6741.306 t
IPCC Tier 1: Use 0.70% + EOL 2% + Installation 1%. Applied to equipment-level SF6 charge. BAU assumes constant stock. Source: CTCN-SF6-KEN Final Report Dec 2025
ctcn_inventory 2029
Reported grid: - t | Estimated grid: 4714.2 t | Uncertainty: 3347.082-6741.306 t
IPCC Tier 1: Use 0.70% + EOL 2% + Installation 1%. Applied to equipment-level SF6 charge. BAU assumes constant stock. Source: CTCN-SF6-KEN Final Report Dec 2025
ctcn_inventory 2028
Reported grid: - t | Estimated grid: 4714.2 t | Uncertainty: 3347.082-6741.306 t
IPCC Tier 1: Use 0.70% + EOL 2% + Installation 1%. Applied to equipment-level SF6 charge. BAU assumes constant stock. Source: CTCN-SF6-KEN Final Report Dec 2025
ctcn_inventory 2027
Reported grid: - t | Estimated grid: 4714.2 t | Uncertainty: 3347.082-6741.306 t
IPCC Tier 1: Use 0.70% + EOL 2% + Installation 1%. Applied to equipment-level SF6 charge. BAU assumes constant stock. Source: CTCN-SF6-KEN Final Report Dec 2025
ctcn_inventory 2026
Reported grid: - t | Estimated grid: 4714.2 t | Uncertainty: 3347.082-6741.306 t
IPCC Tier 1: Use 0.70% + EOL 2% + Installation 1%. Applied to equipment-level SF6 charge. BAU assumes constant stock. Source: CTCN-SF6-KEN Final Report Dec 2025
Grid growth assumptions
KETRACO Transmission Master Plan 2023-2042.
BAU grid extension 2025
Transmission: 9484 km | Distribution: - km
Baseline grid length from inventory report
Kenya BAU grid extension 2030
Transmission: 17500 km | Distribution: - km
Starter row from KB-noted Kenya grid extension target; replace with source-specific IEA and national compact values during ingestion.
BAU grid extension 2030
Transmission: 13000 km | Distribution: - km
Projected: +6,510 km planned lines, phased to 2042
BAU grid extension 2035
Transmission: 15994 km | Distribution: - km
Linear interpolation toward 2042 target
BAU grid extension 2042
Transmission: 15994 km | Distribution: - km
Full planned network: 9,484 + 6,510 km
Kenya long-run grid extension 2050
Transmission: 25000 km | Distribution: - km
Long-run grid extension frame for BAU vs mitigation scenario testing.
Lessons and replication
What Kenya teaches the reusable tracker.
Use Kenya as the reference inventory structure
CTCN-SF6-KEN | inventory_setup
Kenya already has extracted inventory, MRV, roadmap, and assumptions material in the KB. Replication: Every new country should mirror the inventory, uncertainty, substation, equipment, leakage, and roadmap sections before adapting to local utility data.
Separate reported values from modeled leakage estimates
CTCN-SF6-KEN | methodology
Kenya starter values include a known stock and modeled leakage assumption; they are not the same as formal reported national inventory values. Replication: The dashboard must always label source type, method, uncertainty, and atmospheric validation status.
910 CBs + 88 GIS found across generation, transmission, and distribution
CTCN-SF6-KEN | inventory_methodology
Equipment was surveyed across KENGEN (generation), KETRACO (transmission), and KPLC (distribution). 70% of generation and transmission data was obtained from nameplate readings. Distribution network had 5 regions, 4 reported. Replication: Replicating countries should plan for mixed data quality across utility segments.
Coast Region distribution data missing
CTCN-SF6-KEN | data_gap
No SF6 inventory data reported for the Coast Region. GIS mapping identified 3x220kV, 10x132kV transmission stations and 3 primary stations. Replication: Data gaps in distribution are common; use GIS mapping to estimate coverage.
IPCC Tier 1 emission factors used: 0.70% use, 2% EOL, 1% installation
CTCN-SF6-KEN | emission_factor
Kenya inventory uses conservative IPCC Tier 1 factors. Total annual emissions estimated at 194 kg SF6 (4,715 t CO2eq). Use emissions dominate at 172 kg/year. Replication: Countries without measured leakage data should start with IPCC Tier 1, then upgrade.
CBs can emit up to 2 kg SF6 before alarm triggers
CTCN-SF6-KEN | equipment_observation
All CBs have pressure gauges, but alarm thresholds allow significant leakage before detection. Older models have basic pressure monitors only. Replication: Monitoring infrastructure is a key gap for accurate emissions reporting.
KETRACO plans 6,510 km new transmission lines by 2042
CTCN-SF6-KEN | grid_expansion
Transmission Master Plan 2023-2042 includes major grid extension. Combined with electrification trends, new substations will need SF6 or SF6-free equipment decisions. Replication: Grid expansion creates a window for SF6-free procurement mandates.
Method transparency
Data source classification for all Kenya values.
reported Direct measurement or nameplate reading
estimated Modeled from emission factors
uncertainty Range provided (±30%)
atmospheric Cross-check with NOAA data (pending)
attribution Grid vs non-grid allocation
Source paths
Data ingestion sources for Kenya.
knowledge-base/01-PROJECTS/01.1-ACTIVE/CTCN-SF6-KEN
/Users/dietramoppelt/Library/CloudStorage/OneDrive-SharedLibraries-HEATGmbH/CTCN KEN SF6 - CTCN KEN SF6 Implementation